The vaporization curves of most liquids have similar shape. The vapour pressure steadily increase as the temperature increases. A good approach is to find a mathematical model for the pressure increase as a function of temperature. Experiments showed that the pressure P, enthalpy of vaporization, DHvap, and temperature T are related,P = A exp (- DHvap / R T)where R (= 8.3145 J mol-1 K-1) and A are the gas constant and unknown constant. This is known as the Clausius- Clapeyron equation. If P1 and P2 are the pressures at two temperatures T1 and T2, the equation has the form: P1 DHvap 1 1 ln (---) = ---- (--- - ---) P2 R T2 T1
The Clausius-Clapeyron equation allows us to estimate the vapor pressure at another temperature, if the vapor pressure is known at some temperature, and if the enthalpy of vaporization is known.
No comments:
Post a Comment